বুধবার, ৪ জুলাই, ২০১২

A robot with 200 hours of power? DARPA wants one

18 hrs.

The U.S. military?s futuristic research arm has launched a program to get more productivity out of its robots in a bid to make them more compatible companions on the battlefield.

DARPA?s robots include one that can haul hundreds of pounds of gear across rugged terrain and another that can quickly disarm roadside bombs ? good chores for robots instead of humans. The problem is the machines are lazy, working for about 10 minutes before they demand a re-charge break.

The agency?s M3 Actuation program aims to achieve a 2,000 percent increase in the efficiency of power transmission and application in robots.

To get there, the agency suggests researchers look to human and animal models, whose bones, muscles and tendons have evolved to work together and use as little energy as possible.?

?If robotic actuation can be made to approach the efficiency of human and animal actuation, the range of practical robotic applications will greatly increase and robot design will be less limited by power plant considerations,? DARPA said in a statement announcing the program.

According to the statement, the agency is seeking proposals for two tracks:?

  • Track 1 is to demonstrate develop and demonstrate high-efficiency actuation technology that will allow robots similar to the government-furnished ones in the DARPA Robotics Challenge to have a 20 times longer endurance when running on untethered battery power. (Currently about 10 to 20 minutes.)
  • Track 2 aims to improve the efficiency of actuators at scales larger and smaller than applicable to the DRC GFE platform.

Design approaches will be shared at the DRC live competition scheduled for December 2013 and final systems will be demonstrated at DRC live in December 2014. More details are available from DARPA.?

John Roach is a contributing writer for msnbc.com. To learn more about him, check out his website and follow him on Twitter. For more of our Future of Technology series, watch the featured video below.

Source: http://www.futureoftech.msnbc.msn.com/technology/futureoftech/robot-200-hours-power-darpa-wants-one-860991

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Gold near 2-wk peak on hopes for monetary easing

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Source: http://news.yahoo.com/gold-near-2-wk-peak-hopes-monetary-easing-064406041--finance.html

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মঙ্গলবার, ৩ জুলাই, ২০১২

Utility crews making headway, but not fast enough

Baltimore city worker Joe Lane give away free bags of ice to residents at the Northwood Plaza shopping center, in Baltimore on Monday, July 2, 2012. Around 2 million customers from North Carolina to New Jersey and as far west as Illinois were without power Monday morning after a round of summer storms. (AP Photo/Jose Luis Magana)

Baltimore city worker Joe Lane give away free bags of ice to residents at the Northwood Plaza shopping center, in Baltimore on Monday, July 2, 2012. Around 2 million customers from North Carolina to New Jersey and as far west as Illinois were without power Monday morning after a round of summer storms. (AP Photo/Jose Luis Magana)

Trees lie in the middle of Lake Ave. in Baltimore on Monday July 2, 2012, after a severe storm swept through the region late Friday. Power outages left many to contend with stifling homes and spoiled food over the weekend as temperatures approached or exceeded 100 degrees.(AP Photo/Jose Luis Magana)

Police chief, Nick Gilgenbauch walks past a brick wall Monday, July 2, 2012, which fell Friday from the second story of the Christie's on the Square store in Columbus Grove, Ohio, and crushed, two vehicles parked in front. A structural engineer is in Columbus Grove, Ohio on Monday to survey damage. (AP Photo/The Lima News, Craig J. Orosz) MANDATORY CREDIT

A tree sitting atop a vehicle offers free firewood in Falls Church, Va., Monday, July, 2, 2012, as cleanup continued after Friday's storm, Around 2 million utility customers are without electricity across a swath of states along the East Coast and as far west as Illinois as the area recovers from a round of summer storms that has also caused at least 17 deaths. (AP Photo/Matthew Barakat)

Giovanny Alvarez, a letter carrier for the U.S. Postal Service, delivers mail to a residence in Washington, Monday, July 2, 2012 that damaged by the powerful storm that swept through the region Friday. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

(AP) ? A chainsaw's buzz and the thump of logs striking grass disturbed the ordinary stillness of a leafy, well-to-do neighborhood in upper northwest Washington.

A three-man contract crew for the utility company Pepco worked steadily to remove remnants of a tree that had fallen on a power line. A worker in a white hard hat, lifted by a crane some 50 feet in the air, used a saw to slice off leaves and branches from the wire. He chucked them to the ground or they fell on their own. But for a crew already working 16-hour days, feelings of success were short-lived.

"From here we've got another complaint," crew member Jose Climaco said Monday. "As soon as we finish here, we have to go to another complaint."

More than three days after a wave of violent thunderstorms wreaked havoc in parts of the Midwest and the Mid-Atlantic, utility crews had restored electrical service to more than 1 million customers but were working Tuesday morning to turn on the lights ? and air-conditioning ? at nearly 1.8 million other homes and businesses.

Utilities were warning that many neighborhoods could remain in the dark for much of the week, if not beyond. But public officials and residents were growing impatient.

"This has happened time after time and year after year, and it seems as if they're always unprepared," said John Murphy, a professional chauffeur from Burtonsville, Md., who was waiting for Pepco to restore power Monday to the homes of himself and his mother and sister, who live nearby. "The new neighborhoods are designed with underground power lines but the old neighborhoods, they don't want to spend the money to put them underground."

The wave of late Friday evening storms, called a derecho, moved quickly across the region with little warning. The straight-line winds were just as destructive as any hurricane ? but when a tropical system strikes, officials usually have several days to get extra personnel in place.

So utility companies had to wait days for extra crews traveling from as far away as Quebec and Oklahoma. And workers found that the toppled trees and power lines often entangled broken equipment in debris that had to be removed before workers could even get started.

Adding to the urgency of the repairs are the sick and elderly, who are especially vulnerable without air conditioning in the sweltering triple-digit heat. Many sought refuge in hotels or basements.

Officials feared the death toll, already at 22, could climb because of the heat and widespread use of generators, which emit fumes that can be dangerous in enclosed spaces.

After Maryland reported Monday that three people had died in the recent heat wave ? the deaths were not storm-related ? Deputy Secretary Fran Phillips stressed that people who are in areas without power need to take advantage of cooling centers.

At the Springvale Terrace nursing home and senior center in Silver Spring, Md., generators were brought in to provide electricity, and air-conditioning units were installed in windows in large common rooms to offer respite from the heat and darkness.

Residents using walkers struggled to navigate doors that were supposed to open automatically. Nurses had to throw out spoiled food, sometimes over the loud objections of residents.

The lack of power completely upended many daily routines. Supermarkets struggled to keep groceries from going bad. People on perishable medication called pharmacies to see how long their medicine would keep. In Washington, officials set up collection sites for people to drop off rotting food. Others held weekend cookouts in an attempt to use their food while it lasted. And in West Virginia, National Guard troops handed out food and water and made door-to-door checks.

When it comes to getting the power running again, all utilities take a top-down approach that seeks to get the largest number of people back online as quickly as possible.

First, crews repair substations that send power to thousands of homes and businesses. Next, they fix distribution lines. Last are the transformers that can restore power to a few customers at a time.

Some people said the destruction over the weekend was reminiscent of that caused by Tropical Storm Isabel in 2003 and Hurricane Irene in 2011.

Last year, it took Baltimore Gas and Electric company eight and a half days to restore power to all 750,000 customers who lost power during Hurricane Irene. This time, the power company initially confronted more than 600,000 people without power. It said restoration efforts will extend into the weekend.

Baltimore Gas and Electric said in a letter posted on its website that it would take hundreds of thousands of man-hours to clear debris and work through outages. Crews were working around the clock in 16-hour shifts.

"This type of widespread, extensive damage also complicates our ability to quickly provide accurate restoration times, especially when original damage assessments are revised upon closer inspection of the work required," the letter said.

However, Maryland Gov. Martin O'Malley has been blunt that the utilities must work faster: "No one will have his boot further up Pepco's and BGE's backsides than I will," O'Malley said Sunday.

Pepco spokeswoman Myra Oppel said the differences between storms can be significant. Two storms could have the same number of customers with outages, but the root of the problem could be downed wires in one situation and downed poles in another. But repairing poles takes a lot longer.

As a result, the length of time it takes to restore power "depends on what damage has occurred, not the number of outages," Oppel said.

In the case of Friday night's storms, crews are contending with trees that have to be removed before crews can get to damaged infrastructure.

She said the fact that neighboring states were also hard-hit meant many utilities were competing to get the same backup crews for help.

In Baltimore County, Eveena Felder, a registered nurse, had been relying on air-conditioned public areas to keep cool during the day and a fan to help her family sleep.

"We've purchased a ton of batteries, that's where most of our money has gone," Felder said. "Turn the fan on and keep still, don't move, less energy."

Officials were especially concerned about people in isolated rural areas, such as Greenbrier County, W.Va.

"They have no radio station. They have no TV station. They have no communications because without power, they don't have phones," said Lt. Col. David Lester of the West Virginia National Guard.

In Potomac, Md., utility workers restored a steady flow of electricity to Leslie Saltsman's home Monday afternoon. But the enormous cherry tree blocking her driveway won't be removed until later this week.

Saltsman, a nurse who takes care of her elderly mother, watched as linemen in a bucket truck repaired cables above streets lined with piles of tree branches and trunk sections. She said she was irritated by the heat but not by Pepco.

"They're doing as much as they can," she said.

___

Barakat reported from Falls Church, Va., and Silver Spring, Md. Associated Press writers David Dishneau in Rockville, Md., Dan Sewell in Cincinnati; Kantele Franko in Columbus, Ohio; and Vicki Smith in Morgantown, W.Va., contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2012-07-03-Summer%20Storms/id-3434373d7d1a42349006f7e9a0183167

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Manufacturing shrinks for first time in 3 years

CNBC's Rick Santelli breaks down the data on the drop in the ISM Manufacturing Index, and what it indicates about the U.S. economy, with CNBC's Steve Liesman.

By msnbc.com news services

WASHINGTON ? U.S. manufacturing shrank in June for the first time in nearly three years, a troubling sign as evidence builds that economic growth is slowing.

The Institute for Supply Management, a trade group of purchasing managers, said Monday that its index of manufacturing activity fell to 49.7. That's down from 53.5 in May and the lowest reading since July 2009, one more after the recession officially ended. Readings below 50 indicate contraction.

Production fell to a three-year low and a measure of new orders plummeted by the most in more than a decade, suggesting the weakness will likely persist in the coming months.

Stocks, which had largely been flat when the market opened, fell immediately after the report was released at 10 a.m. The Dow Jones industrial average dropped more than 70 points in morning trading.

"This is not good. Not good at all," said Dan Greenhaus, chief economic strategist at BTIG, an institutional brokerage. While the report "does not mean recession for the broader economy, it is still a terribly weak number."

Manufacturing, which has helped drive growth since the Great Recession ended, has begun to falter as the U.S. job market has fizzled and global growth has weakened.

Americans have pulled back on spending, which has lowered demand for factory-made goods. Europe's economy is likely in recession, which has hurt U.S. exports. And China's manufacturing sector grew in June at its slowest pace in seven months, according to a survey released Sunday by the state-affiliated China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing

The sharp drop in U.S. factory activity overshadowed more positive news on the housing market. U.S. construction spending rose for the second straight month, although spending remains well below healthy levels.

Manufacturing is likely to stay weak for the next few months. The ISM's gauge of new orders, a good measure of future activity, plunged from 60.1 to 47.8. That's the first time it has fallen below 50 since April 2009, when the economy was still in recession.

Fewer new orders reflect growing concerns of businesses. Many are worried about growth slowing from the anemic 1.9 percent annual pace in the January-March quarter. Europe's financial crisis and the prospect that U.S. lawmakers won't extend a package of tax cuts at the end of the year have added to the uncertain outlook.

Bricklin Dwyer, an economist at BNP Paribas, said the increasing uncertainty "has left businesses unwilling to invest."

A gauge of production also fell to its lowest level in more than three years.

U.S. factories are also reporting much less overseas demand, likely because Europe's financial crisis has lowered demand for U.S. exports. A measure of exports dropped to 47.5, its lowest level since April 2009.

A gauge of employment edged down but remained at a healthy level of 56.6. That suggests factories may still be adding jobs. Manufacturers have reported job gains for eight straight months.

Factories have been a key source of jobs and growth since the recession ended almost three years ago. But the sector has shown signs of weakness in recent months.

Manufacturers produced less in May than in April, the Federal Reserve said this month. Automakers cut back on output for the first time in six months. In June, manufacturing activity barely grew in the New York region and contracted sharply in the Philadelphia area, according to surveys by regional Federal Reserve banks. Factory output ticked up in Chicago but only after sliding for three months.

Consumers are less confident in the economy than they have been at any time all year, according to a measure of consumer sentiment released Friday. Worries about slowing job growth are outweighing the benefits of lower gas prices. A separate measure of consumer confidence, issued Tuesday, showed that confidence fell for the fourth straight month.

Overall hiring has slowed sharply this spring, raising concerns about the pace of the recovery. Employers added an average of only 73,000 jobs per month in April and May. That's much lower than the average of 226,000 added in the first three months of this year. The unemployment rate rose in May to 8.2 percent from 8.1 percent, the first increase in a year.

Slower job growth and falling confidence is weighing on consumers' willingness to spend. Americans cut back on purchases of autos and other long-lasting factory goods in May, the government said Friday.

U.S. exports of manufactured goods have also suffered as Europe's financial crisis has cut into demand in that region. And slowing growth in China, India and other emerging markets means that companies in Asia and Latin America are buying fewer American-made cranes, trucks and other heavy equipment.

There have been a few good signs recently.

U.S. factories received more orders for long-lasting manufactured goods in May, the government said last week, while also noting that a key measure of business investment plans rose.

And home sales are up from last year, with prices rising in most cities and homebuilders planning to break ground on more projects in the next 12 months. That should raise demand for manufactured goods such as appliances, building materials and furniture.

Still, the Federal Reserve has cut its forecast for the year. It now expects growth of just 1.9 percent to 2.4 percent for 2012. That's half a percentage point lower than the range it estimated in April. The Fed also says unemployment won't fall much further this year than it has.

The Associated Press contributed to this report.

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Source: http://economywatch.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/07/02/12524141-us-manufacturing-shrinks-for-first-time-in-3-years?lite

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Quantum computing, no cooling required: Room-temperature quantum bits store data for nearly two seconds

ScienceDaily (July 3, 2012) ? It's a challenge that's long been one of the holy grails of quantum computing: how to create the key building blocks known as quantum bits, or qubits, that exist in a solid-state system at room temperature.

Most current systems, by comparison, rely on complex and expensive equipment designed to trap a single atom or electron in a vacuum and then cool the entire system to close to absolute zero.

A group of Harvard scientists, led by Professor of Physics Mikhail Lukin and including graduate students Georg Kucsko and Peter Maurer and postdoctoral researcher Christian Latta, say they've cracked the problem, and they did it by turning to one of the purest materials on Earth: diamonds.

Using a pair of impurities in ultra-pure, laboratory-grown diamonds, the researchers were able to create quantum bits and store information in them for nearly two seconds, an increase of nearly six orders of magnitude over the life span of earlier systems. The work, described in the June 8 issue of Science, is a critical first step in the eventual construction of a functional quantum computer, and has a host of other potential applications.

"What we've been able to achieve in terms of control is quite unprecedented," Lukin said. "We have a qubit, at room temperature, that we can measure with very high efficiency and fidelity. We can encode data in it, and we can store it for a relatively long time. We believe this work is limited only by technical issues, so it looks feasible to increase the life span into the range of hours. At that point, a host of real-world applications become possible."

In addition to a practical quantum computer, Lukin envisions the system being used in applications that include "quantum cash" (a payment system for bank transactions and credit cards that relies on the coding of quantum bits to thwart counterfeiters) and quantum networks (a highly secure communications method that uses quantum bits to transmit data).

"This research is an important step forward in research toward one day building a practical quantum computer," said Kucsko, who works in Lukin's lab and is one of two first authors of the paper. "For the first time, we have a system that has a reasonable timescale for memory and simplicity, so this is now something we can pursue."

The groundwork for Lukin's breakthrough was laid several years ago, when researchers discovered that nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, atomic-scale impurities in lab-grown diamonds, behave in the same way as single atoms. Like individual atoms, each center possesses a spin, which can be polarized, similar to on a bar magnet. Using lasers, researchers are able not only to control the spin, but to detect its orientation as it changes over time.

But the idea of using the NV centers to form the backbone of a quantum computer simply wasn't practical, largely because they can only hold data for about one-millionth of a second before their quantum properties -- and any data they may have held -- are lost.

The culprit, Lukin said, was another impurity in the diamond crystal.

In initial experiments, the team used diamonds that contained 99 percent carbon-12 atoms, which have no spin. The remainder, however, was made up of carbon-13 atoms, a tricky isotope that contains a spin in the atom's nucleus. Though weak, the interaction with those spins was causing the NV centers' short life spans.

With this latest research, however, Lukin and his team turned what was once a challenge -- the interaction between the NV center and carbon-13 atoms? -- to their advantage.

"The nuclear spin of the carbon-13 makes an ideal quantum bit, because they are very isolated," Lukin said. "Because they interact with so few outside forces, they have relatively long coherence times. Of course, the same properties that make them ideal qubits also make them difficult to measure and manipulate."

The solution Lukin and his team came up with was surprisingly elegant. Rather than trying to find a way to measure the spin of the carbon atoms, they used the NV center to do it for them.

Working with researchers at Element Six, a British-based company that specializes in manufacturing artificial diamonds, they developed a new technique to create crystals that were even more pure: 99.99 percent carbon-12. Researchers then bombard the crystal with nitrogen to create the NV center, which interacts with a nearby carbon-13 atom.

The result of that interaction is that the NV center mirrors the state of the carbon atom, meaning researchers can encode a bit of information into the spin of the atom, then "read" that data by monitoring the NV center.

"The system we've developed uses this very local probe, the NV center, to allow us to monitor that spin," Lukin said. "As a result, for the first time, we can encode a bit of information into that spin, and use this system to read it out."

However, encoding information into the spin of the carbon-13 atom and reading it out using the NV center is only a step on the road to a quantum computer. To truly be useful, researchers had to determine how to take advantage of the atom's quantum properties -- that is, its ability to occupy two states simultaneously.

That ability to be in two states at the same time is a key principle of quantum computers. As opposed to traditional computers, which encode bits of information as either zero or one, quantum computers rely on atomic-scale quantum mechanics to give quantum bits both values at once. That property, in theory, allows quantum computers to perform multiple computations in parallel, making them vastly more powerful than traditional computers, which perform operations in sequence.

The solution, Lukin explained, was a two-step process.

The first step is to cut the connection between the NV center and the carbon atom. Using massive amounts of laser light, researcher are able to effectively keep the NV center occupied and prevent it from interacting with the carbon atom. In step two, the diamond crystal is bombarded with a specific set of radio frequency pulses, suppressing the interaction between the carbon-13 atom and any nearby atoms.

"By limiting interactions with the carbon-13 atom, we can extend the life of the qubit and hold the data for longer," Lukin said. "The end result is that we're able to push the coherence time from a millisecond to nearly two seconds."

Researchers at the California Institute of Technology and the Max-Planck-Institut f?r Quantenoptik also participated in the research. Funding was provided by theNational Science Foundation, the Center for Ultracold Atoms, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Element 6, the Packard Foundation, the European Union, the Swiss National Science Foundation, and the Sherman Fairchild Foundation.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Harvard University. The original article was written by Peter Reuell, Harvard Staff Writer.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. P. C. Maurer, G. Kucsko, C. Latta, L. Jiang, N. Y. Yao, S. D. Bennett, F. Pastawski, D. Hunger, N. Chisholm, M. Markham, D. J. Twitchen, J. I. Cirac, M. D. Lukin. Room-Temperature Quantum Bit Memory Exceeding One Second. Science, 2012; 336 (6086): 1283 DOI: 10.1126/science.1220513

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/07/120703181909.htm

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সোমবার, ২ জুলাই, ২০১২

Spain fetes its soccer champs with happy abandon

Spain's captain Iker Casillas, 2nd right, walks out of the plane holding the trophy alongside coach Vicente del Bosque, left and the president of the Spanish football association Angel Villar, 4th left, on arrival at Barajas airport in Madrid Monday July 2, 2012. Spain won the Euro 2012 soccer championship final against Italy in Kiev, Ukraine, Sunday. (AP Photo/Paul White)

Spain's captain Iker Casillas, 2nd right, walks out of the plane holding the trophy alongside coach Vicente del Bosque, left and the president of the Spanish football association Angel Villar, 4th left, on arrival at Barajas airport in Madrid Monday July 2, 2012. Spain won the Euro 2012 soccer championship final against Italy in Kiev, Ukraine, Sunday. (AP Photo/Paul White)

Spain's team coach Vicente del Bosque, left, waves as captain Iker Casillas walks out of the plane holding the trophy on arrival at Barajas airport in Madrid Monday July 2, 2012. Spain won the Euro 2012 soccer championship final against Italy in Kiev, Ukraine, Sunday. (AP Photo/Paul White)

Spain's Andres Iniesta, left carries a soccer ball as he follows Sergio Busquets out of the plane at Barajas airport in Madrid Monday July 2, 2012. Spain won the Euro 2012 soccer championship final against Italy in Kiev, Ukraine, Sunday. (AP Photo/Paul White)

A Spanish fan reacts during the viewing of Euro 2012 soccer championship final match between Spain and Italy at the Fan Zone in Madrid, Spain, Sunday, July 1, 2012. (AP Photo/Andres Kudacki)

Spanish fans celebrate during the viewing of Euro 2012 soccer championship final match between Spain and Italy at the Fan Zone in Madrid, Spain, Sunday, July 1, 2012. (AP Photo/Andres Kudacki)

(AP) ? Swathed in the red and yellow colors of Spain, hundreds of thousands packed central Madrid to give a hero's welcome home Monday to "La Roja" ? the national soccer team that erased the economically struggling country's gloomy mood by winning the Euro 2012 Championship with flair.

With the celebrated team back, it was time to party for a second straight night. After a 2 ? hour open-air bus ride through the fan-packed streets, squad members took to a stage in Cibeles plaza against the backdrop of Madrid's majestic town hall and danced to pop music while spraying each other with sparkling wine.

"It was a merited triumph, we made history and now it's time to celebrate it," said mastermind midfielder Xavi Hernandez, adding that Spain hopes to build on the success of the past four years. "Next we*ll go for the Confederations Cup (2013) and then the World Cup in Brazil (2014), but first we want to enjoy this one."

Earlier, King Juan Carlos and members of the royal family congratulated the players at the Zarzuela Palace outside Madrid within hours of their returning from Kiev, where they crushed Italy 4-0 to defend their title Sunday night. The Iberia plane that brought them to the Spanish capital bore the logo "proud of our national team."

Team captain and goalie Iker Casillas proudly held the tournament cup as he emerged from the plane in Madrid with coach Vicente del Bosque.

In the palace gardens, the king, Prince Felipe, his wife, Princess Letizia, and one of the king's two daughters, Princess Elena, chatted and laughed with the players while two of the monarch's grandchildren gazed at and touched the cup.

"Congratulations on behalf of the family and the whole of Spain," the king said. "You have made the entire country happy."

Prior to reaching Cibeles, a multitude jammed the paths and roads along a near 5-kilometer (3-mile) victory route chanting "Champions! Champions! Oe, Oe, Oe!"

Blowing horns, they put up with a baking evening sun to catch a glimpse of their heroes as they paraded by on the bus, escorted by police on horseback and motorbikes. Thousands more fans cheered on from apartment balconies.

The players danced and sang, raised the trophy and sprayed drinks on the screaming, flag-waving crowds below as the bus crawled along at a snail's pace.

In Cibeles, organizers sprayed the crowds with water hoses to help them keep cool.

The team's elegant performance in the Euro 2012 final raised spirits across a country drowning in financial woes and rampant unemployment. It also made them the first team ever to bookend a World Cup championship (2010) with two Euro Cup triumphs (2008, 2012).

"This is historic and I'm here to support the team. They just might be able to do it again so we can win the (2014 World Cup) in Brazil," said Jose Luis Clemente, 47, a bus inspector clad in the team jersey. "It's a rare positive point against such a terrible crisis in my country. It gives you some relief."

Still, he was realistic.

"No football win is going to solve the crisis. That's work for the economists and the politicians," he added.

The victory even had some Spaniards offering a tongue-in-cheek suggestion: Why not have the players run the country instead of Spain's feckless politicians?

In one newspaper cartoon, del Bosque is surrounded by Casillas and other stars such as Xavi and Andres Iniesta, who are all dressed up in suits for a new line of work.

"The solution to our problems: the government of prime minister del Bosque and his ministers," read the vignette in El Mundo.

As the country recovered from a national hangover of elation, pride and booze, Spaniards soaked up sweet memories of a night no one will forget. For a few hours, the realities of 25 percent unemployment, a grinding recession and a banking bailout from the European Union to the tune of up to ?100 billion ($125 billion) were put aside.

"No team has ever done what they have done, and it helps you to stop thinking about the crisis for 90 minutes during the game and the next day for the party," said Carlo del Pino, 25, a university student.

Del Pino said he hopes to teach physical education and coach one day but prospects are grim for graduates now with cutbacks in education funding, teacher pay cuts and layoffs of temporary teachers.

"I don't know where I will be working when I graduate, whether it's in Spain, Portugal or some other country," he said. "But all the Spanish kids who are here cheering the team may want to do sports because of the victory, so that could help me."

Retired air force officer Ramon Ramirez, 76, looked a bit out of place, dressed smartly in long sleeve formal shirt and pressed jeans amid a sea of folks decked out in red and yellow as he waited for the team to pass.

"For Spain, the headlines around the world have finally changed to good instead of the bad we've seen for months. Let's hope it continues," he said.

Maria Jose Herraiz, a 54-year-old homemaker, was so nervous she had to listen to the game on the radio instead of watching it on TV.

"When I heard people scream 'Goal!' I would run to the TV," she said.

She called the victory marvelous, a potent shot of mood-boosting adrenalin for people sorely in need of it, but said reality would come back soon.

"It will be a sort of flower that blooms for just one day, because economic problems do not go away just because Spain wins," Herraiz said.

Her two adult children ? aged 26 and 28 ? are both still living at home. They are struggling on rock-bottom salaries as low as ?300 ($377) a month for half-day work despite being a computer scientist and a physicist.

Still, for one night, they came home just before dawn after a rousing celebration, their faces painted in red and yellow.

___

Ciaran Giles contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2012-07-02-Euro%202012-Celebration/id-63905fadbbe1476e97cd0bded61e3d7a

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Bring on the heroes: Spain embraces its team

A Spanish fan reacts during the viewing of Euro 2012 soccer championship final match between Spain and Italy at the Fan Zone in Madrid, Spain, Sunday, July 1, 2012. (AP Photo/Andres Kudacki)

A Spanish fan reacts during the viewing of Euro 2012 soccer championship final match between Spain and Italy at the Fan Zone in Madrid, Spain, Sunday, July 1, 2012. (AP Photo/Andres Kudacki)

Spanish fans celebrate during the viewing of Euro 2012 soccer championship final match between Spain and Italy at the Fan Zone in Madrid, Spain, Sunday, July 1, 2012. (AP Photo/Andres Kudacki)

A Spanish soccer fan shows his scarf reading "This is Spain, that is why I love it, who (ever) does not like it must leave" in front of a shop with a banner reading "discounts" in Madrid, Spain, Sunday, July 1, 2012. Spain won its third straight major soccer title Sunday, beating Italy 4-0 in the European Championship final. (AP Photo/Andres Kudacki)

Spanish fans celebrate during the viewing of Euro 2012 soccer championship final match between Spain and Italy at the Fan Zone in Madrid, Spain, Sunday, July 1, 2012. (AP Photo/Andres Kudacki)

MADRID (AP) ? Out with feckless politicians, in with Spain's unforgettable soccer stars?

Spain's national team headed home Monday after a historic win in Euro 2012 championship final, raising spirits across a country drowning in financial woes. Their elegant 4-0 dispatching of Italy on Sunday night had some Spaniards offering grand, tongue-in-cheek designs for the athletes: They're so perfect, how about letting them run the country?

In one newspaper cartoon, coach Vicente del Bosque is surrounded by the team captain Iker Casillas and stars like Xavi Hernandez and Andres Iniesta, all dressed up in suits for a new line of work after their crushing win in Kiev.

The victory made them the first team ever to bookend a World Cup championship (2010) with two Euro Cup triumphs (2008, 2012).

"The solution to our problems: the government of prime minister Del Bosque and his ministers," read the vignette in El Mundo.

The team was to be received later Monday by King Juan Carlos, Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy and then snake through Madrid atop an open-air bus to bask in the adulation of tens of thousands.

As the country recovered from a national hangover of elation, pride and booze, Spaniards soaked up sweet memories of a night no one will forget. For a few hours, the realities of 25 percent unemployment, a grinding recession and a banking bailout from the European Union to the tune of up to ?100 billion ($125 billion) were put aside.

Maria Jose Herraiz, a 54-year-old homemaker, was so nervous she had to listen to the game on the radio instead of watching it on TV.

"When I heard people scream 'Goal!' I would run to the TV," she said.

She called the victory marvelous, a potent shot of mood-boosting adrenalin for people sorely in need of it, but knew it would be only short term.

"It will be a sort of flower that blooms for just one day, because economic problems do not go away just because Spain wins," Herraiz said.

Her two adult children ? aged 26 and 28 ? are both still living at home. They are struggling on rock-bottom salaries as low as ?300 ($377) a month for half-day work despite being a computer scientist and a physicist. They came home near dawn after a night of celebration, their faces painted in team colors of red and yellow.

Cristina Rivas, a 41-year-old musician, acknowledged that soccer prowess and government have nothing to do with each other but said there was something very special about those fast guys in red. She suggested that Spain's conservative government was interested only in meeting austerity goals to satisfy the country's European creditors, no matter how much it hurts the average Joe, or "Fulanito," as Spaniards would call him.

"Perhaps this team played like a team, and (the government) plays more as if they were protecting a patch of land," said Rivas.

.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2012-07-02-SOC-Euro-2012-Celebration/id-6779ea4975d24a1097a1b58a3131c14d

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Jang Jin-sung, North Korean Poet, Writes Of Hunger, Brutality In The Country

LONDON ? He says he was one of late North Korean leader Kim Jong Il's favorite propaganda artists, singing the praises of the Dear Leader in dozens of poems. But these days Jang Jin-sung says he prefers to tell the truth about North Korea.

The former state poet, who defected to South Korea in 2004, now writes to tell the world about what he calls the brutality of everyday life in the North.

"North Korea has nuclear programs, but South Korea has the media," said Jang, who is in London for a global poetry festival involving poets from countries competing in the July 27 to Aug. 12 London Olympics. "Truth is the strongest weapon."

Jang's poems now tell of public executions, hunger and desperate lives. He said that the piece he chose to submit to London's Poetry Parnassus festival, "I Sell My Daughter for 100 Won," is based on one of his worst memories in North Korea - recollections of a mother trying to sell her daughter in the market place.

"The life of a North Korean is not about living, but about how to sustain life," he said through an interpreter. Jang, dressed in a loose white shirt and cream trousers, spoke quietly but accompanied most sentences with emphatic hand gestures.

Jang Jin-sung is not his real name, according to South Korean news reports.

The U.S. State Department says that North Korea "maintains a record of consistent, severe human rights violations," and the United Nations said in a recent update on the North's humanitarian situation that the food supply remains tenuous for two-thirds of the population.

Pyongyang denies abusing its citizens.

As one of Kim's top state poets, Jang, 40, said he was responsible for glorifying the leader in the poetry he published in the official Workers' Party newspaper. Poets had a special role among Kim's many propaganda artists, Jang said.

"Because of the paper shortage in North Korea, poems were the most efficient, economical way to spread propaganda," he said.

Jang said he led a privileged life in Pyongyang and once dined with Kim, when he found out that the leader was much shorter than he was led to believe because Kim didn't wear his normal high-heeled shoes indoors.

He also recalled being instructed to avoid looking into the leader's eyes and instead to stare at his second shirt button. After more contact with Kim, Jang said he soon stopped believing that he was "this godlike leader of this wonderful country."

Jang said his doubts solidified when, working in the propaganda ministry, he got hold of and read South Korean books. In 2004 he crossed the river to China, where he was wanted by Kim's men, but agents from South Korea found him first. He then worked for the South's intelligence agency for seven years before setting up his own online newspaper about North Korean issues earlier this year.

Jang said he believes the current regime in the North is bound to break down - not least because of the instability brought about by Kim's death in December.

He said the son and young successor, Kim Jong Un, lacks the power and experience of his father and is surrounded by his father's men. He did not elaborate on what serves as the basis for his beliefs on the current political situation in the North.

"It's all about rivalries between the generations," he said. "They don't have the experience to deal with a situation like this, with so much power struggle. For Kim Jong Un to sustain himself he's got to have a strong rule, controlling his people through fear of punishment or fear of reprisal."

Jang is appearing at the Parnassus festival ? a gathering of poets that organizers claim is the largest poetry festival ever staged in the United Kingdom.

Other participants included Afghanistan's Reza Mohammadi, Kay Ryan from the United States and Karlo Mila from New Zealand.

__

Sylvia Hui can be reached at twitter.com/sylviahui

__

Online:

Jang's poetry, translated into English, can be read at

http://www.asialiteraryreview.com/web/article/en/337

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/02/jang-jin-sung-north-korea-poet_n_1642710.html

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রবিবার, ১ জুলাই, ২০১২

The Trickiness Of Tracking Severe Weather

Weekends on All Things Considered guest host Laura Sullivan talks with Heidi Cullen, chief climatologist at Climate Central, a non-profit science journalism organization in Princeton, New Jersey. They discuss wildfires and extreme heat in the Midwest this week and how these climate conditions are tracked by Earth-observing satellites.

Copyright ? 2012 National Public Radio?. For personal, noncommercial use only. See Terms of Use. For other uses, prior permission required.

LAURA SULLIVAN, HOST:

Weather is the story in much of the country again today. Thousands are without power following a band of storms that whipped through parts of the mid-Atlantic region, downing trees and electric power lines - a lot of added misery on one of the hottest days on record. Meanwhile, Colorado is battling the state's worst day of wildfires ever with two people dead.

Already, 35,000 people have been evacuated, and 19,000 acres have burned, and close to 350 homes have been destroyed. President Obama made a disaster declaration and opened the way for federal relief money. On Friday, he toured the devastation in Colorado Springs.

PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA: One of the things that I've tried to emphasize is that whether it's fires in Colorado or flooding in the northern parts of Florida, when natural disasters like this hit, America comes together. And we all recognize that there but for the grace of God, go I. We've got to make sure that we have each other's backs.

SULLIVAN: And in the Midwest, a heat wave with temperatures more than 100 degrees could also break records. Scientists say it's unusual, but the highs are expected to keep getting higher. TVs, radios and smartphone apps all tell us about severe weather warnings. And scientists say the accuracy of that information is better than it's ever been.

HEIDI CULLEN: A five-day hurricane track forecast we get today is more accurate than the three-day forecast from just 10 years ago.

SULLIVAN: Heidi Cullen is a research scientist, and she says on average, accuracy for forecasts is now 87 percent nationwide, thanks to the satellite system developed and maintained by NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Those satellites are even helping in the fight against the wildfires in Colorado.

CULLEN: This data is used by firefighters to help decide where they should place chemical fire retardants. It allows us to help estimate percent containment. So, you know, you can think of sort of the big national forecast but also very, very specific jobs.

SULLIVAN: Now, these are really tight budget times for the federal government, and NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration are certainly funded through the federal government. How are they faring?

CULLEN: The annual budget for NASA's earth science division has fallen to below $1.5 billion from about two billion a decade ago. So, you know, we're at a place where we should be moving forward and not moving back. And so right now, you know, there's been launch issues, cost overruns, but also budget cuts. And it think, you know, what we really need to do is just help folks understand what an incredibly important role these satellites play in our daily lives.

SULLIVAN: Heidi Cullen is a research scientist for a science and journalism organization called Climate Central.

Copyright ? 2012 National Public Radio?. All rights reserved. No quotes from the materials contained herein may be used in any media without attribution to National Public Radio. This transcript is provided for personal, noncommercial use only, pursuant to our Terms of Use. Any other use requires NPR's prior permission. Visit our permissions page for further information.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by a contractor for NPR, and accuracy and availability may vary. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Please be aware that the authoritative record of NPR's programming is the audio.

Source: http://www.npr.org/2012/06/30/156049589/the-trickiness-of-tracking-severe-weather?ft=1&f=1007

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Leyva beats Orozco, both gymnasts going to London

SAN JOSE, Calif. (AP) ? Danell Leyva and his family had little besides hope and determination when they arrived from Cuba almost 20 years ago.

On Saturday night, he stood in the center of the arena, a U.S. Olympian.

With his mother and stepfather by his side, Leyva completed his family's incredible journey, beating John Orozco to win the Olympic trials and clinching an automatic spot on the men's gymnastics team. As he climbed off the podium after his last event, his stepfather greeted him with a bow and Leyva picked him up in a bear hug.

"It's big," said Alvarez, who fled Cuba a year before Leyva. "It's big because I wanted to be an Olympian, and (Leyva) represents me. And all Cuban immigrants who came to this country for a better life and to make something (of themselves)."

Leyva finished almost a point ahead of Orozco in an entertaining game of "Can you top this?" Because both finished in the top three in at least three events, they automatically qualified for the Olympic team. The remaining three members will be chosen by a five-person selection committee, and the team will be announced Sunday.

One of those spots is almost certain to go to Jonathon Horton, a double medalist at the Beijing Olympics and the backbone of the U.S. squad. The other two spots are up for grabs after Samuel Mikulak, who began Saturday in third place in the combined standings from nationals and the first day of trials, was only able to compete on pommel horse after spraining his ankle Thursday.

His 14.4 was two-tenths below what he usually scores, but was still fifth-best of the day on the Americans' weakest event.

"I showed everything I could and I put everything out on the table," Mikulak said. "All I can do is wait. It's going to be the longest night ever."

For Orozco, it's going to be a night unlike any other in the past decade.

Gymnastics has been Orozco's ticket out of the rough Bronx neighborhood where his parents still live, and he's gone to bed every night the last 10 years imagining what it would be like to hear his name announced as an Olympian.

"Now it's not a dream anymore," he said. "Now it's a memory."

Leyva's mother and stepfather were both gymnasts in Cuba, but his mother never envisioned her son following in their footsteps. He was not exactly athletic as a baby ? downright chubby, actually ? and Alvarez had to talk her into letting the boy try gymnastics after he became enthralled watching a videotape as a toddler.

Good thing Alvarez is so persuasive.

Leyva has developed into one of the world's best gymnast, combining difficult skills with breathtaking elegance and style. His rivalry with Orozco has made both that much better, and they will be a potent 1-2 force in London, where the Americans believe they have the goods to make a legitimate run at the gold medal for the first time since 1984.

"These two guys don't want to be Olympians," Alvarez said, "they want to be Olympic champions."

The two were second (Orozco) and third (Leyva) behind three-time world champion Kohei Uchimura in qualifying at last year's world championships, and have spent the last six months playing leapfrog in U.S. meets. Orozco got the better of Leyva earlier this month at the U.S. championships, but Leyva took the lead in Thursday's prelims and threw down the first challenge Saturday on high bar, their first event.

Leyva's high bar routine puts even the best circus act to shame, and is sure to send the guys in China, Japan and Germany running for YouTube. His routine is jam-packed with difficulty, one intricate combination after another. But unlike the rest of the world's best, he finds little ways to stand out: a tiny stutter-hop of his hands before one of his four release moves, throwing his arms out on another release move so he looks like an eagle in flight. Despite all that high-flying adrenaline, though, he never lost his rhythm, flowing from one trick right into the next.

And he ought to get some bonus points for the show Alvarez put on alongside him. Alvarez was kicking his feet, bobbing and swaying with every skill. When Leyva's feet hit the mat with a thud that could be heard all the way across the Atlantic, Alvarez clapped his hands and raced around the podium like a bull let loose in Pamplona. Leyva was more restrained ? though not by much. He let out a roar and clapped his hands, then turned and waved to the crowd. As he walked off the podium, he pumped his fist as if to say, "Boom!"

His score of 16.3 ? including a massive 7.2 start value ? opened a 1.3-point gap on Orozco.

But Leyva gave it right back with an uncharacteristically sloppy routine on floor exercise, including a fall on a strength pose, something he probably hasn't done since grade school. As he balanced on his hands, his legs pulled all the way up in front of his face, his arms gave out and he plopped onto his backside.

That opened the way for Orozco, and he took full advantage of it.

Orozco may not be as flashy as Leyva's, but he's no less effective ? or impressive. Every routine is done with style and grace, his quiet precision masking the difficulty of what he's doing. On pommel horse, where getting through routines with minimal embarrassment is about the best the American men hope for, Orozco is actually respectable. While the rest of the Americans looked as if they were trying to wrestle the apparatus to the ground, his swing was smooth and fluid, almost reaching the hypnotic level that marks a good routine.

On still rings, he hung upside down, batlike, for several moments. Having all that blood rush to your head would make most people wobble like a Weeble, but he coolly swung into a handstand, the cables that support the rings staying perfectly still. Orozco's 15.35 on rings moved him ahead of Leyva ever so slightly ? 0.15 ? and they went into the last event with Leyva trailing by about a half-point.

But Orozco struggled on parallel bars while Leyva dazzled. His routine is among the world's most difficult, but he performs with the grace and beautiful lines of a ballet dancer. There was no doubt that he had won when his feet hit the mat with a resounding thud, and Leyva slapped his hands several times while Alvarez threw his hands into the air in triumph.

"It's crazy to say I'm going to the Olympics," Leyva said, his eyes filling briefly. "Surreal."

And it means he can now check another thing off that list he posted in the gym sometime last summer. All that's left to do?

"Team gold, all-around gold, high bar gold, p-bar medal. Yeah, nothing else," Leyva said, laughing.

___

Follow Nancy Armour at www.twitter.com/nrarmour

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/leyva-beats-orozco-both-gymnasts-going-london-220341656--oly.html

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Want bigger plants? Get to the root of the matter

ScienceDaily (July 1, 2012) ? Plant scientists have imaged and analyzed, for the first time, how a potted plant's roots are arranged in the soil as the plant develops. In this study, to be presented at the Society for Experimental Biology meeting on 30th June, the team has also found that doubling plant pot size makes plants grow over 40% larger.

From their 3-D MRI root scans, the researchers observed that potted plants quickly extend their roots to the pot's walls. It is likely that the plants use their roots to 'sense' the size of the pot, although the details of how the roots relay the message about the pot's size remain the plants' secret.

They also looked at 65 independent studies across a wide range of species including tomato, corn, pine tree, cactus, wheat, and cotton plants, and found that all species reach larger sizes when grown in a bigger pot. On average, doubling pot size allowed plants to grow 43% larger.

Dr Hendrik Poorter (Forschungszentrum J?lich, Germany) who led the study, said: "There has been commercial interest in seeing how small pots can be, but our aim was to see how big a pot needs to be to avoid affecting plant experiments."

The work is relevant for gardeners too. Poorter added, "After this study, I immediately changed the pot size for all the plants I had in my house."

To understand the pot size effect, the scientists looked at various aspects of the plants' growth. They found that the plants in smaller pots grew more slowly because of a decreased rate of photosynthesis. But, looking for causes for the decrease, the scientists ruled out limitations in water and nutrients and did not find any differences in the thickness of the leaves for plants in smaller pots. It is therefore unlikely that the plants use water and nutrient levels to sense the pot size, supporting the possibility that sensing happens another way, such as by the roots.

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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/7qUiuF52A74/120701191636.htm

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